中国东部断陷湖盆页岩油形成富集条件与勘探开发实践——以渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷页岩油为例

蒲秀刚; 韩文中; 许静; 时战楠; 董姜畅; 魏敬洋; 张伟; 王娜; 计璐璐

doi:10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.20250046

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中国东部断陷湖盆页岩油形成富集条件与勘探开发实践——以渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷页岩油为例
Shale oil formation and enrichment conditions and exploration and development practices in faulted lacustrine basins of eastern China: A case study of shale oil in Huanghua Depression, Bohai Bay Basin
2026年16卷第2期页码：238-255
收稿：2025-12-30，

纸质出版：2026-03-26
DOI： 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.20250046
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

蒲秀刚, 韩文中, 许静, 等. 中国东部断陷湖盆页岩油形成富集条件与勘探开发实践: 以渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷页岩油为例[J]. 油气藏评价与开发, 2026, 16(2): 238-255. DOI： 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.20250046.

PU Xiugang, HAN Wenzhong, XU Jing, et al. Shale oil formation and enrichment conditions and exploration and development practices in faulted lacustrine basins of eastern China: A case study of shale oil in Huanghua Depression, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2026, 16(2): 238-255. DOI： 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.20250046.

摘要

中国东部断陷湖盆如渤海湾盆地、苏北盆地广泛发育陆相细粒泥纹型页岩油，具有“粒度细、纹层多”的典型特征，是页岩油勘探开发的重要新领域。然而，泥纹型页岩油复杂的形成条件与富集规律制约了有效勘探与开发。研究旨在系统揭示该类页岩油的富集主控因素，建立相应的地质理论与成藏模式，并形成配套的关键技术体系，以指导勘探实践并评价其资源潜力。综合利用岩心、测井与三维地震资料，地球化学实验及生产动态数据，系统分析了泥纹型页岩油的地质特征、形成条件、富集规律及勘探开发关键技术。明确了泥纹型页岩油“高脆性矿物+高频纹层”优势组构、优势热演化窗口（镜质体反射率介于0.7 %~1.2 %）、含油性最高的“中高匹配”富集规律（源-储纹层厚度比为1∶1.5），建立了“长英质+有机质、灰云质+有机质”2类微运移成藏模式，研发了以游离烃（

）、脆性矿物体积分数、电阻率比值、自然伽马为核心的Ⅰ类富集层量化标准，形成了地质-测井-地震一体化“甜点”刻画、水平井组参数优化、高效体积压裂及控压排采技术为核心的关键技术体系。应用该技术体系后，黄骅、济阳、辽河、冀中及东台等坳陷实现页岩油高产突破，东部断陷盆地页岩油地质资源量超过100×10⁸ t，展现了良好的开发前景。同时指出断陷湖盆页岩油具有“甜点”规模偏小、埋深偏大、井间干扰、递减快等挑战，提出降本增效、数字化、原位转化等攻关方向，预计2030年中国陆相页岩油产量约占中国总产量的8%。

Abstract

Continental fine-grained muddy-laminated shale oil is widely developed in eastern China’s faulted lacustrine basins such as the Bohai Bay Basin and Subei Basin. It is characterized by “fine grain size and numerous laminae”

representing a significant new frontier in shale oil exploration and development. However

the complex formation conditions and enrichment patterns of laminated shale oil constrain its effective exploration and development. This study aims to systematically reveal the main controlling factors of the enrichment of this shale oil type

establish corresponding geological theori

es and reservoir formation models

and develop a supporting key technology system to guide exploration practices and evaluate its resource potential. By comprehensively utilizing core data

well logs

3D seismic data

geochemical experiments

and production performance data

the geological characteristics

formation conditions

enrichment patterns

and key exploration and development technologies for laminated shale oil were systematically analyzed. The study clarified the advantageous composition of “high brittleness minerals + high-frequency laminae”

the optimal thermal evolution window (maturity between 0.7% and 1.2%)

and the enrichment patterns of “medium-to-high matching” (source-to-reservoir lamina thickness ratio of 1∶1.5) that yielded the highest oil content in muddy-laminated shale oil. Two types of micro-migration reservoir formation models were established: felsic + organic matter and calcareous-dolomitic + organic matter. A quantitative standard for identifying Class I enrichment layers was developed

focusing on free hydrocarbon (

)

volume fraction of brittle minerals

resistivity ratio

and natural gamma. A key technology system was developed

centering on geology-logging-seismic integrated “sweet spot” characterization

optimization of horizontal well group parameters

efficient volume fracturing

and controlled pressure production techniques. After the application of this technology system

breakthroughs in high-yield shale oil were achieved in depressions such as Huanghua

Jiyang

Liaohe

Jizhong

and Dongtai. The geological resources of shale oil in eastern faulted basins were estimated to exceed 100×10

demonstrating promising development prospects. Additionally

the study identified challenges of shale oil from faulted lacustrine basins

including small “sweet spot” scale

great burial depth

inter-well interference

and rapid decline. It proposed research directions such as cost reduction and efficiency improvement

digitalization

and in-situ con

version. By 2030

continental shale oil production in China would account for about 8% of China’s total production.

关键词

Keywords

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